Basic Definition of Bearing
A bearing is a core rotational support component in mechanical equipment. Its main functions are to reduce the friction coefficient during mechanical transmission, bear the load between the shaft and the frame, ensure the rotational accuracy of the shaft, reduce equipment wear and extend service life.
Core Functions: Friction Reduction, Load Bearing, Shaft PositioningApplication Fields: Automotive, Construction Machinery, Motor, Machine Tool, Metallurgy, Wind Power, General Machinery, etc.
II. Core Classification of Bearings (By Friction Type, the Most Commonly Used Classification Method)
Bearings are divided into two major categories-rolling bearings and sliding bearings-based on friction properties. The two differ significantly in structure, performance and application scenarios, which are core points for foreign trade selection communication. A detailed comparison is as follows:
| Category | English Name | Core Structure | Advantages | Disadvantages | Application Scenarios | Common Types |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 滚动轴承 | Rolling Bearing | Composed of Inner Ring, Outer Ring, Rolling Element and Cage | Small friction coefficient (0.001~0.005), low starting resistance, high precision, high standardization, easy installation and maintenance | Poor impact resistance, prone to vibration at high speed, relatively large radial dimension | Scenarios with medium-high speed, medium-low load and high requirements for rotational accuracy (e.g., motors, automotive wheel hubs, machine tool spindles) | Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Self-Aligning Ball Bearing, Cylindrical Roller Bearing, Tapered Roller Bearing, Thrust Ball Bearing |
| 滑动轴承 | Sliding Bearing | No rolling elements, composed of Journal, Bushing and Bearing Housing, divided into dry friction and liquid friction types | Strong impact resistance, stable operation, small radial dimension, large load capacity | Large friction coefficient (0.1~0.5 for dry friction, 0.001~0.008 for liquid friction), high starting resistance, requiring lubrication and maintenance, non-standardized | Scenarios with low speed, heavy load, strong impact and high requirements for stability (e.g., engine crankshafts, rolling mills, large water pumps) | Solid Sliding Bearing, Split Sliding Bearing, Hydrodynamic Bearing, Hydrostatic Bearing |
