Key Performance Requirements for Train Brake Pads
During train braking, brake pads are subjected to high temperatures (up to 600-1000℃), high pressure (up to 10-20kN), and high-frequency friction. Therefore, they must meet the following core indicators:
High-temperature resistance: No melting or cracking at high temperatures (e.g., during emergency braking of high-speed trains), and stable friction coefficient (to avoid brake failure caused by "thermal fading");
High wear resistance: Extend service life (the service life of freight train brake pads is usually 3-6 months, and that of high-speed train brake pads is about 100,000 kilometers) and reduce replacement frequency;
Low abrasiveness: Reduce wear on the wheel tread or brake disc (lower maintenance costs and avoid potential safety hazards caused by uneven wheel wear);
Environmental friendliness: Asbestos is prohibited (it was used in traditional brake shoes and is carcinogenic). Currently, the mainstream materials are "asbestos-free brake shoes" and "powder metallurgy brake pads" to reduce dust pollution;
Braking stability: Small fluctuations in the friction coefficient with speed and temperature, ensuring consistent braking distances under different loads and speeds (high-speed trains have strict braking distance standards: when the speed is 350 km/h, the emergency braking distance is ≤ 650 meters).
